Marine-derived 9-octadecenoic acid and a-tocopherol acetate as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents in oral health

Asam 9-oktadekenoat yang berasal dari laut dan asetat a-tokoferol sebagai agen antioksidan dan antiinflamasi dalam kesehatan mulut

Abstract

Natural bioactive compounds such as a-tocopherol and 9-octadecenoic acid (OOA), both found in Stichopus hermanii, have demonstrated potential antioxi
dant and anti-inflammatory properties. This article reviews systematically and compare the biological activities of a-tocopherol and OOA in managing oxida
tive and inflammatory processes relevant to the oral cavity. A descriptive-comparative literature review was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, MDPI,
and Google Scholar (2015-2025). Inclusion criteria covered in vitro, in vivo, clinical, and in silico studies evaluating the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects
of a-tocopherol or OOA. a-tocopherol primarily acted by enhancing antioxidant defenses and suppressing inflammatory signaling, while OOA modulated pro
inflammatory pathways and epigenetic mechanisms. It is concluded that a-tocopherol and OOA exhibit complementary mechanisms in reducing oxidative
stress and inflammation. Their combined use and marine-derived origin from S.hermanii offer promising directions for future research and therapeutic applica
tion in oral health.